"Iturbide defeated the Royalist forces still opposed to independence, and the new Spanish viceroy, lacking money, provisions, and troops, was forced to accept Mexican independence. On August 24, 1821, O'Donojú signed the Treaty of Córdoba, thus ending New Spain's dependence on Old Spain."
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The Harlem Renaissance (also called the New Negro Movement) was a social, cultural, and artistic movement of African-American writers and painters between about 1920 and 1930.
The Harlem Renaissance was the first flowering of African-American art that went beyond individual works. Similar to the jazz era, the movement was triggered by the mass exodus of African-Americans from the southern states to the north (Great Migration). In New York's Harlem district, the African-American Philip Payton had taken over the real estate market from 1904 to a large extent. Since that time - and especially in the 1920s - Harlem had become synonymous with African American culture as the black middle class lived there.
The anthology The New Negro (1925), edited by Alain LeRoy Locke, had a major impact on the movement, in which the philosopher and critic collected prose, poetry, plays, and essays from a new generation of African-American authors. In his preface, Locke described the migration from the southern states to the north as "a kind of spiritual liberation" through which Afro-American art was able to develop its own identity for the first time - beyond the white role models. In the art of the Harlem renaissance also African traditions, African-American traditions as well as gospel and jazz play a big role. White writers, especially the journalist and photographer Carl van Vechten, also supported the movement - and were influenced by it. The patron Charlotte Mason employed and promoted a number of artists, but also had her own understanding of Native American and African American culture.
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The Americans who opposed World War I built the largest, most diverse, and most sophisticated peace coalition up to that point in U.S. history. They came from a variety of backgrounds: wealthy and middle and working class, urban and rural, white and black, Christian and Jewish and atheist. They mounted street demonstrations and popular exhibitions, attracted prominent leaders from the labor and suffrage movements, ran peace candidates for local and federal office, and founded new organizations that endured beyond the cause. For almost three years, they helped prevent Congress from authorizing a massive increase in the size of the U.S. army—a step advocated by ex-president Theodore Roosevelt. Then many persevered, in the face of a concerted campaign by the government to silence them. Several anti-war activists founded the organization that became the ACLU to defend those whom the state prosecuted for refusing to change their minds. Soon after the end of the Great War, most Americans believed it had not been worth fighting. And when its bitter legacy led to the next world war, the warnings of these peace activists turned into a tragic prophecy—and the beginning of a surveillance state that still endures today.
Explanation:
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The country had fewer jobs available for immigrants to take.
Explanation:
After the economy suffered heavy losses from World War I, many businesses were closed down from bankruptcy, this led to a shortage of jobs.
