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Leya [2.2K]
3 years ago
6

Arrays of structures ________. Group of answer choices None of the above. are automatically passed by reference cannot be passed

by reference are automatically passed by value
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
Travka [436]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

are automatically passed by reference.

Explanation:

A parameter can be defined as a value that can be passed to a function. Thus, a parameter refers to a value that must be passed into a function, subroutine or procedure when it is called.

This value can be passed to a function either by reference or by value.

This ultimately implies that, parameter variable stores information which is passed from the location of the method call directly to the method that is called by the program.

Basically, parameters can serve as a model for a function; when used as an input, such as for passing a value to a function and when used as an output, such as for retrieving a value from the same function.

In Computer programming, an array can be defined as data structure which comprises of a fixed-size collection of variables each typically holding a piece of data and belonging to the same data type such as strings or integers.

This ultimately implies that, when a programmer wishes to store a group of related data (elements) of the same type, he or she should use an array.

A character positions in arrays start counting with the number 0 not 1.

Hence, an array uses a zero-based indexing and as such the numbering or position of the characters (elements) starts from number 0. Thus, the first character (element) in an array occupies position zero (0), the second number one (1), the third number two (2) and so on.

Generally, arrays of structures are automatically passed by reference through the use of a REPLICATE function.

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Write a program that calculates the occupancy rate for ahotel. The program should start by asking the user how many floorsthe ho
Oksana_A [137]

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Here is the C++ program:

#include <iostream>  //to use input output functions

using namespace std;   //to identify objects like cin cout

int main(){  //start of main function

       int MinFloors = 1;  //minimum number of floors

       int MinRooms  = 10; //minimum number of rooms

       int NoOfFloors;  //stores number of floors

       int NoOfRooms;  //stores number of rooms

       int OccupiedRooms;  //stores number of rooms occupied

       double TotalRooms=0, TotalOccupied=0;   //stores computed total number of rooms and total number of occupied rooms

       cout<<"How many floors does the hotel have? ";  //prompts user to enter number of floors

       do{  //iterates until the user enters valid number of floors

           cout<<"(cannot be less than "<<MinFloors<<"): ";  //error message

           cin >>NoOfFloors;  //reads number of floors from user

       }while(NoOfFloors<MinFloors);  //repeats as long as number of floors is less than minimum number of floors

       for(int floor=1; floor <= NoOfFloors; floor++){    //iterates through the floors to skip third iteration

           if(floor == 3){   //if floor is third floor

               continue;             }  

           cout<<"How many rooms are on floor " <<floor;  //prompts user to enter number of floors

           do{  //start of do while loop

               cout<<"(cannot be less than "<<MinRooms<<"): ";  //error message

               cin >>NoOfRooms;  //reads number of rooms from user

           }while(NoOfRooms<MinRooms);    //iterates as long as number of rooms are less than valid minimum number of rooms

           TotalRooms += NoOfRooms;   //adds number of rooms to the count of total number of rooms

           cout<<"How many of those rooms are occupied?";  //prompts user to enter number of rooms occupied

           do{  //start of do while loop

         cout<<"(cannot be less than 0 or greater than "<<NoOfRooms<<"): ";  //generates error message

         cin >>OccupiedRooms;  //reads number of rooms occupied by user

           }while(OccupiedRooms<0 || OccupiedRooms>NoOfRooms);   //iterates as long as the number of occupied rooms are less than 0 or greater than number of rooms

           TotalOccupied += OccupiedRooms;    }    //adds number of rooms occupied to the count of total number of occupied rooms    

       cout<<"\nThe hotel has a total of "<<TotalRooms<<" rooms"<<endl;  //displays the total number of rooms in the hotel

       cout<<TotalOccupied<<" are occupied."<<endl;  //displays the total number of occupied rooms

       cout<<(TotalRooms-TotalOccupied)<<" are unoccupied."<<endl;  //displays the total number of unoccupied rooms

cout<<"The occupancy rate is: "<<100*(TotalOccupied/TotalRooms)<<"%"<<endl;     }  //computes and displays the occupancy rate

   

Explanation:

The program first prompts the user to enter number of floors in the hotel. Lets say user enters 6. This is stored in NoOfFloors So

NoOfFloors = 6

So the loop runs for 6 times

Next it asks user to enter the number of rooms in the floor 1. Lets say user enters 12 so this is stored in NoOfRooms so

NoOfRooms = 12

TotalRooms += NoOfRooms;

this statement keeps adding number of rooms to TotalRooms so

TotalRooms = 12

Next program asks user about the number of occupied rooms. Lets say user enters 10 so this is stored in OccupiedRooms so

OccupiedRooms = 10

this statement keeps adding number of rooms to TotalOccupied so

 TotalOccupied += OccupiedRooms;

TotalOccupied = 10

At next iteration program asks user again to enter number of rooms in floor 2. Suppose user enters 14 so

NoOfRooms = 12

TotalRooms += NoOfRooms;

TotalRooms = 12+14

TotalRooms = 26

Program asks again to enter number of occupied rooms so it becomes:

OccupiedRooms = 8

this statement keeps adding number of rooms to TotalOccupied so

 TotalOccupied += OccupiedRooms;

TotalOccupied = 10+8

TotalOccupied = 18

Next is skips floor 3 and iteration 3. and asks user to enter number of rooms in floor 4. Suppose user enters 14

Number of rooms become:

TotalRooms = 12+14+14

TotalRooms = 40

and suppose user enters 14 as occupied rooms so total occupied become:

TotalOccupied = 10+8 + 14

TotalOccupied = 32

For floor 5: Suppose user enters 13

TotalRooms = 12+14+14+13

TotalRooms = 53

For floor 5: Suppose user enters 10

TotalOccupied = 10+8 + 14+10

TotalOccupied = 42

For floor 6: Suppose user enters 12

TotalRooms = 12+14+14+13+12

TotalRooms = 65

For floor 6: Suppose user enters 11

TotalOccupied = 10+8 + 14+10+11

TotalOccupied = 53

Now the loop breaks

Hence

TotalRooms = 65

TotalOccupied  = 53

total unoccupied = TotalRooms-TotalOccupied = 65-53 = 12

The occupancy rate is: 100*(TotalOccupied/TotalRooms) = 100*(53/65) = 81.5385

The output of the program is attached in a screenshot.

6 0
3 years ago
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