We are given that the elevator is descending, so the coefficient of t must be negative. The elevator's initial position is 500 feet above the ground, so this is a positive value of +500. Therefore the only choice that fits these is h(t) = -5t + 500.
Divide the amount of cheddar by the amount of hot pepper:
10 / 4 = 2.5
20 / 8 = 2.5
30 / 12 = 2.5
The constant is C.2.5
the greatest common factor is 2