The correct answer is C) New boundaries caused Hungary to lose most of its population.
European nations were affected by the five treaties established at the end of the war in that new boundaries caused Hungary to lose most of its population.
We are referring to the treaties after World War 1. After this destructive period of armed confrontation, nations had to sign treaties to formally establish peace in Europe and modify the territories.
Specifically, the treaties of Lausanne, Trianon, and Sevres, established that Hungary was going to be an independent state. By signing the treaty of Trianon of November 1920, Transylvania was no more a Hungary territory. It was passed to Romania. Slovakia was ceded to Czechoslovakia, and other portions of Hungary were ceded to Yugoslavia.
<em>C. Protect individual liberties.</em>
Explanation:
The Articles of Confederation was the United States' first constitution. It was known for being very weak and giving little to no power to the federal government.
With the Articles of Confederation, the government could not tax the states directly, create and enforce laws properly, draft soldiers, regulate trade, and other important matters. Most of the power was in the hands of the states, which some people preferred.
Anti-Federalists preferred the Articles of Confederation and often associated the government having power with British tyranny. They wanted to keep things how they were and wanted to keep the power in their hands. Federalists wanted to amend the Articles of Confederation and felt as if it was doing more harm than good, they wanted to have a stronger government.
Eventually, the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was called to amend the Articles. This did not go as planned though and they ended up scrapping it altogether. The United States Constitution was created instead, which granted power to the federal government.
The Anti-Federalists were not happy with this and were scared for their rights. <u>They demanded to have the Bill of Rights made, which would protect individual liberties.</u> The Bill of Rights protects citizens and keeps the government in check so they don't abuse their power.
Railroads encouraged settlement in the west because they opened up economic opportunities in the west. Through the railroad, products from west coast could be transported back to the East and vice-versa and thereby opening up the markets of the west and also Asia to the East.
To exploit the new business opportunities, people began to move and settle in the west. Within 10 years of its completion, the railroad shipped $50 million worth of freight coast to coast every year. It ensured a production boom and was America's first technology corridor
Thomas Hobbes was an early modern philosopher who put forth the idea of a "social contract" -- that governments are formed by the will of the people. This was different than previous views which held that governments (kings) got their authority directly from God.
Hobbes published a famous work called<em> Leviathan</em> in 1651. The title "Leviathan" comes from a biblical word for a great and mighty beast. Hobbes believed government is formed by people for the sake of their personal security and stability in society. In Hobbes' view, once the people put a king (or other leader in power), then that leader needs to have supreme power (like a great and mighty beast). Hobbes' view of the natural state of human beings without a government held that people are too divided and too volatile as individuals -- everyone looking out for his own interests. So for security and stability, authority and the power of the law needs to be in the hands of a powerful ruler like a king or queen. And so people willingly enter a social contract in which they live under a government that provides stability and security for society.
Probably the most famous set of lines from Hobbes' Leviathan book describes what he saw as the natural state of human affairs without government -- one in which every individual had freedom, but that meant it was a situation of "war of all against all," or we might say, every man for himself. Hobbes wrote:
-
<em>In such condition, there is no place for industry; because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving, and removing, such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.
</em>
A personal responsibility is option D - taking care of yourself and your family.
Obeying laws, paying taxes, and understanding the values in the U.S. Constitution are all civic responsibilities. They are examples of acts and perspectives of civilly responsible citizens.
I hope this helps!
