Answer: An observation is something you sense: taste, touch, smell, see, or hear. An inference is something you decide or think about a thing or event after you observe it.
Examples: I observe that this shoe smells musty. (Observation) I infer that my teacher has a kid.
This is because 37 degrees Celsius is the ideal body temperature, as it is high enough to prevent fungal infections, but is not high enough that we will be required to eat constantly in order to maintain our metabolism.