Answer: fate is concrete and determined by the cosmos, destiny depends on your choices in life.
Explanation: hope that helps :)
The answer is the last one, which is "Transforming disaster into opportunity-did you hear what happened?- has made him a hero". As you can see transforming disaster into opportunity has made him a hero is a sentence by itself. "Did you hear what happened?" Is just extra info that goes between dashes.
She borrows the necklace from her friend then loses her necklace and spends years paying off a necklace that was not worth a lot