The United States and the Western Europe gained a lot of political power because the cold war ended since the major communist states in Europe like the Soviet Union or Yugoslavia fell apart. Those who belonged to these states started supporting western ideals because they saw the failures of the communist and socialist regimes. The US grew in political power since it didn't have any global opponents, while the Europe grew because of things like the European Union which started getting more supporters.<span />
The Rising was mounted by Irish Republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War.
Joint occupation allowed people from Britain and the US to settle in Oregon Country.
For number 22, it's austrians, Italians, Czechs, and Hungarians. And for number 24, the answer is C.