Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast) was the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 8 November 1942.
The correct answer is B. It has caused spending by interest groups to increase. Since the ruling, multi-billion corporations and other interest groups have funneled unprecedented amounts of money to the parties or politicians that are susceptible to further their interests via the Super PACs (that are not allowed to spend money directly in the politicians' campaigns but can spend unlimited amounts of funds independently and in favor of the party/politician of their choice).
As for the majority of ancient societies, men were the ones who held the most power in the family. Their was the last say and they could decide what would be done. However, families who had slaves had women commanding them. The wives were the ones who took control of slaves in the house.