A court-martial is a court composed of military personnel, purposely for the trian of those accused to violating military law.
Congress would not ratify the SALT II treaty because D) The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and C) Russian combat troops were found in Cuba. Because of these two reasons Congress did not ratify the treaty. Six months after signing the treaty, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and the United States discovered that there was a Soviet Union brigade stationed in Cuba which led to the treaty not being ratified.
It was where the Europeans decided to look for new trade routes. The Europeans wanted to find another way to get to China/Asia. Christopher "discovered" America and there were also a lot of other explorers like Ferdinand Mallegan who kind of discovered a strait through the southern tip of South America. Many explorers also created instruments for sailing like a compas or a school for sailing which was created by Prince Henry thd Navigator. He was from Portugal. When Queen Elizabeth II came into throne there was a Spanish Armada.