Answer: The pH scale measures whether there is more hydroxide or hydronium in a solution.
Is important because it tells you how basic or acidic the solution is.
Explanation:
Acidity in human sweat is an example of<u> </u><u>innate immunity</u>
Explanation:
Sweat arising from human skin is acidic in nature with a pH ranging between 4.5 to 7.
As part of innate immunity, the skin acts both as a physical barrier and chemical shield.
As part of chemical shield, the skin’s sebaceous glands present on the skin produces an oily substance called sebum which contains free fatty acids. Further, hair follicles on skin releases lactic acid which bind with the amino acids of the proteins present on the keratinized layers of skin. The acidity of the sweat is due to the combined action of free fatty acids, lactic acid and the amino acids present on the skin.
This natural acidic nature of skin creates a hostile acidic environment to pathogens which prevents their entry into the body.
Answer:
Natural selection.
Explanation:
Imagine in the beginning there was a single species of bird. Naturally, this bird had to expand to the rest of the world, and was distanced as the continents drifted off. But this bird had to cope with various climates and environments. So the bird would gradually mutate over time. The bird in the jungles of central america would develop different colors and a shaped beak, and would better help it survive. This led to being the new normal for birds of this area. It would evolve to cover all the surviving birds in the region, until it is so drastically changed then it is a new species. There are so many different environments, each with its own challenges to overcome, so so many different bird evolve to survive them.
Answer:
The answer is 4.
Explanation:
The presence of 10 copies of the c subunit of the Fo complex of the yeast ATP synthase allow for the synthesis of 1 ATP for every 4 protons that are translocated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Answer:
Traits other than beak type might affect natural selection.
It could take many generations to observe adaptions to a population.
The environment may be complex and hard to study.
Changes in the environment may occur faster or slower than changes to the birds
The birds may be interdependent with other organisms that may change, too.
Explanation:
