It is a operant conditioning.
Option: D
Explanation:
Operant conditioning is also known as instrumental conditioning. In this conditioning person learns through rewards or punishments. An association is there to make behavior between the performer and responder. Here Ciara is used to hitting her older brother sometimes and whenever she does it she gets punishment for that.
Through that she understands every action has consequences. If action is good then consequences would be good and will come to you as a reward and if action is wrong it will come to her as punishment.
In learning to write, alphabetic stage appears first.
Alphabetic stage is a beginning stage of learning for students to read and write in conventional ways. It is typically seen in Kindergarten through 2nd grade students; however, there are oftentimes struggling students in older grades that are also within this stage.
At this learning stage children are commencing to grasp the alphabetic principle that spoken and written words have sub-units which relate to every other, during this stage the most teaching strategy has to be 'phonics conscious of its limitations'
Alphabet was taught first, then vowels, consonants, double letters, italics, capitals, syllables, then on were presented.
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Daniel Levinson's life structures model explores the idea of development beyond the adolescence stage. In his theory, the two key concepts are the stable period and the transitional period. While Irene Frieze theory says woman go through a slightly different developmental process.
<span>The Food and Drug Administration must approve a new drug before it can be sold</span>
The effects of the trade and tolerance was that they both allowed different cultures to influence the “Muslim world”
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