The answer is B) The rapid extinction of top-level consumers in the Gulf food webs, such as sharks, dolphins, and sea turtles.
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is the largest in the history of the oil industry. The oil spill created a large layer of floating oil patch over the gulf waters. This layer of oil blocked the exchange of gases like oxygen in the water. The top-level consumers like the dolphins, sharks and sea turtles that need to surface to breath fresh air got coated with the oil and perished.
Diffusion, osmosis, or active transport.
