Answer:
Muslim forces ultimately expelled the European Christians who invaded the eastern Mediterranean repeatedly in the 12th and 13th centuries—and thwarted their effort to regain control of sacred Holy Land sites such as Jerusalem. Still, most histories of the Crusades offer a largely one-sided view, drawn originally from European medieval chronicles, then filtered through 18th and 19th-century Western scholars.
But how did Muslims at the time view the invasions? (Not always so contentiously, it turns out.) And what did they think of the European interlopers? (One common cliché: “unwashed barbarians.”) For a nuanced view of the medieval Muslim world, HISTORY talked with two prominent scholars: Paul M. Cobb, professor of Islamic History at the University of Pennsylvania, author of Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades, and Suleiman A. Mourad, a professor of religion at Smith College and author of The Mosaic of Islam.
Answer:
E-Government is usually presented as using IT to: (1) provide easy access to government information and services to citizens and business; (2) increase the quality of services, by increased speed, completeness and process efficiency; and (3) provide citizens with the opportunity to participate in different kinds of ...
Explanation:
It is referred to as Bi-Laterael meaning two separate but equal parts
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
While D is also correct, A is most correct. The US government cannot offer public services and other tax fueled services if everyone chooses not to pay.
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Explanation:
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an international non-profit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California. The foundation was formed in July 1990 by John Gilmore, John Perry Barlow and Mitch Kapor to promote Internet civil liberties and the health and growth of internet working.
The electronic Frontier Foundation is critical of media companies for their effort involved in litigation relating to a wide range of online and computer-related civil-liberty issues. In general, it has sought to extend free speech and privacy rights to online communications, including such forms of “speech” as encryption and other computer programs.
Also, it becomes a force to contend with in legal and political battles relating to computer-mediated communication and commerce. It also provides increased civil-liberties protections for online communication. electronic Frontier Foundation also helps to track down hackers.
