Answer:
0.9987 = 99.87% probability that the mean weight of 4 eggs in a package is less than 68.5g
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this question, we use the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.
Normal Probability Distribution:
Problems of normal distributions can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean
and standard deviation
, the zscore of a measure X is given by:
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
Central Limit Theorem
The Central Limit Theorem estabilishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean
and standard deviation
, the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean
and standard deviation
.
For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.
Mean weight of 67g and a sample standard deviation of 1g.
This means that ![\mu = 67, \sigma = 1](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmu%20%3D%2067%2C%20%5Csigma%20%3D%201)
Sample of 4
This means that ![n = 4, s = \frac{1}{\sqrt{4}} = 0.5](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=n%20%3D%204%2C%20s%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B4%7D%7D%20%3D%200.5)
What is the probability that the mean weight of 4 eggs in a package is less than 68.5g?
This is the pvalue of Z when X = 68.5. So
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
By the Central Limit Theorem
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7Bs%7D)
![Z = \frac{68.5 - 67}{0.5}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B68.5%20-%2067%7D%7B0.5%7D)
![Z = 3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%203)
has a pvalue of 0.9987
0.9987 = 99.87% probability that the mean weight of 4 eggs in a package is less than 68.5g