Nucleic acids,proteins,carbohydrates and lipids
Nucleic acids are made up of proteins
DNA and RNA both have the following commonality:
<span>They contain Nitrogen bases A,C, and G. Their Subunits are Nucleotides and the Nucleotide components are sugar, base, phospate. Both also have chainlike molecules. </span>
<span>The genetic information they carry in their nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) is limited for production of their own viral components or "body parts" and these parts are capsid, nucleic acids and envelope (for enveloped viruses).</span>
Answer:
Protein
Explanation:
Considering the wide diversity of life forms, the majority of the Scientific Community will consider protein molecule to be the more likely candidate for genetic material, despite Griffith's findings regarding the "transforming factor".
Answer:
The most appropriate answer would be option 2.
In humans, the color of the eyes was thought as a simple Mendelian trait however, it has been found that the color of the eye follows polygenic inheritance, that is, it is determined by multiple genes.
A set of 15 genes is responsible for the color of the eyes. Two genes out of these 15 are OCA2 and HERC2 which are present on chromosome 15.
Thus we can conclude that eye colour is polygenic trait which does not follow Mendelian genetics.
Answer:
While penetrance is a quantitative estimate, reduced expressivity (transmission) is a qualitative estimate.
Explanation:
<u>Penetration
</u>
Some individuals who carry the deleterious allele (for example, in an autosomal dominant disease) do not show the expected phenotype: in that case we say that the penetrance is incomplete. This is the case in which the number of individuals presenting an abnormal phenotype is less than the number of individuals carrying the mutation causing this phenotype. Penetrance is a quantitative estimate.
For example, in the case of neurofibromatosis type I, its penetration is estimated to be 80% although it is often difficult to detect mild variants of the disease. Therefore, in these cases it would be useful to be able to detect the different mutations in the affected families and thus establish more precisely the value of their penetrance.
<u>Expressiveness (transmission)</u>
The observed phenotype can be more or less severe among the different affected individuals. In this case it is said that the deleterious allele has a variable expressiveness. Expressiveness is a qualitative estimate.
In the case of Marfan syndrome, for the same mutation present in a family, some individuals show a severe form of the disease that affects the cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal system while others show only a high height and arachnodactyly, without eye problems or of aortic aneurysm.
Reduced penetrance and incomplete expressivity are mainly described in autosomal dominant diseases.
Do not confuse an isolated case due to poor penetrance with a sporadic case due to the appearance of a mutation.
