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ser-zykov [4K]
3 years ago
12

What will happen to levels of ATP in a muscle cell of an individual that stops consuming carbohydrates and other sources of suga

r in his diet? Select ALL that apply 1. ATP production levels drop to 0 and the cell will die 2. ATP production will rise b/c the cell will use fat to make ATP. Fat has a lot more energy than carbohydrates. 3. ATP production levels will drop dramatically. Cell will have to import glucose from other cells. 4. ATP production will likely remain the same as the cell can use other compounds that feed into glycolysis and citric acid cycle. 5. ATP production will stay the same over a short time until all glycogen storage granules are depleted and then ATP production will stop.
Biology
1 answer:
Tresset [83]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

2

Explanation:

Fats are the slowest source of energy but the most energy-efficient form of food. Each gram of fat supplies the body with about 9 calories, more than twice that supplied by proteins or carbohydrates.

Have a great day <3

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Imagine a new type of cell was discovered on Mars in an organism growing in benzene, a nonpolar liquid. The cell had a lipid bil
UNO [17]

Answer:

2) The phospholipid head groups would likely have equal numbers of positively and negatively charged groups that would pack well and not be bulky.

Explanation:

Benzene contains aromatic groups making it non-polar while the phopholipid head contains the negatively charged phosphate group making it polar. These molecules would repel each other forcing the phopholipid head to be in the inner membrane forming. The hydrophobic non-polar phospholipid tail would form hydrophobic bonds with benzene. The phospholipid head would likely have equal numbers of positively and negatively charged groups that would allow them to form ion-ion interactions helping them pack well and not be bulky. If the heads were still negatively charged they would likely repel each other and be disordered.        

6 0
3 years ago
Compared to stars viewed with the unaided eye, stars viewed with telescope appear
umka21 [38]

Answer:

Stars viewed with a telescope appear a lot closer than viewed with an unaided eye. That is because telescopes are basically magnifying glasses for you to scout the night sky and see distant things with better clarity.

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
N which vertebrates did feathers first evolve?
Lapatulllka [165]
<span>Wings have evolved several times independently. In flying fish, the wings are formed by the enlargement of the pectoral fins. Some fish leap out of the water and glide through the air, both to save energy and to escape predators. If they were already gliding, then any mutation that would result in an increase of the gliding surface would be advantageous to the fish that has it. These advantageous may allow these fish to out-compete the others. 

Wings have also evolved in bats, pterosaurs, and birds. In these animals, the wings are formed by the forelimbs. In some lizards that have evolved gliding flight, however, the "wings" or gliding surfaces may be quite different. The lizard Draco, for example, has gliding surfaces formed by an extension of the ribs. A number of extinct reptiles have similar gliding surfaces. Frogs that glide have expanded webbing on their hands and feet. Gliding ("flying") squirrels and marsupial sugar gliders have flaps of skin that lie between the front and rear limbs. These gliding animals all have one thing in common: a gliding surface that is formed by enlarging some parts of the body. 

In pterosaurs, the wing is formed by an elongated finger and a large skin membrane attached to this finger. In bats, the wing is formed by the entire hand, with skin membranes connecting the elongated fingers. In birds, flight feathers are attached to the entire forelimb, while the fingers have fused together. In all of these animals except birds, the wing is a solid structure. In birds, however, the wing is formed by a large number of individual feathers lying close to each other and each feather is in turn formed by filaments that interlock. 

Biophysicists have determined that flight most likely evolved from the tree down. That means most active flyers evolved flight from an animal that was already gliding. Gliding was therefore probably an indispensable intermediate stage in the evolution of flight. Since gliding has evolved in so many different groups of animals, it follows that the ancestors of birds, bats, and pterosaurs were almost certainly gliders. 

Unfortunately, the fossil records of the immediate gliding ancestors of birds, bats, and pterosaurs are all missing. The first known bat and bird fossils are recognizable as flyers. The same is true of pterosaurs. Therefore the origin of these flyers remain a mystery and a subject of often acrimonious debate. There are people who claim that dinosaurs evolved insulation, which then evolved into feathers, but the evidence for that is lacking. The so-called proto-feathers found on some dinosaurs are indistinguishable from the collagen fibers found in the skin of most vertebrates. Some of the supposedly feathered dinosaurs, such as Caudipteryx and Protarchaeopteryx, are actually flightless birds. The same is probably true of Microraptor fossils, which are (as Alan Feduccia says) probably "avian non-dinosaurs." 

Even though the immediate ancestor of birds remains a mystery, there is a fossil known as Longisquama insignis, which lived during the late Triassic. It has featherlike structures on its back. It was probably a glider of some sort. So, this animal may well be the distant ancestor of Archaeopteryx, the oldest known bird. 

In sum, flying almost certainly evolved from animals that were already gliding, or from the tree down, not from the ground up. The dinosaurian origin of birds requires that dinosaurs evolved feathers from insulation and flight to have evolved from the ground up. Both of these requirements are extremely unlikely to have occurred in evolutionary history, because dinosaurs are almost certainly ectothermic (or "cold-blooded") and therefore they never evolved insulation, and because feathers are too unnecessarily complex to have evolved as insulation. Flight from the ground up is also dangerous because large animals that attempt to fly from the ground may crash and seriously injure or even kill themselves. We all know how dangerous an airplane can be if it loses power and crashes. Small and light weight animals, OTOH, that were already gliding can survive if their attempt to fly fails. Finally, if flight evolved from gliding, then why do animals glide? The answer is that gliding is energetically much cheaper than to descend a tree, walk along the ground, and then climb up another tree. Besides, it is almost certainly much safer to glide from one tree to another than to be walking on the ground for many arboreal animals. 

See link below for details of why dinosaurs are considered ectothermic according to the available scientific evidence.</span>Source(s):<span>http://discovermagazine.com/1996/dec/aco...</span>
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3 years ago
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NikAS [45]
(I'm not 100% positive on this) Dinosaurs, many chickens and birds are related to dinosaurs
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3 years ago
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Sublimation occurs when a solid changes directly to a gas without an intermediate liquid stage. True or false. I say true.
vivado [14]
True. Think if ice cubes in the freezer. They shrink due to sublimation. <span />
6 0
2 years ago
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