European governments found ways to pay for expensive wars.There was organization of labor on an international basis. European nations could not pay back their foreign loans.
As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America.
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allowed President Johnson to send troops to Vietnam, thus waging a war without actually "declaring" it as war. Checks and balances keep the power divided and balanced among government branches; it is the duty of Congress to declare war, so President Johnson waging war without the declaration of war by Congress breaks this system.