By explaining the concept of being an “also-ran,” the author describes someone who enjoys participating in a contest even though he or she does not win. The quotation from paragraph 9 expresses the author's positive viewpoint of “also-rans” who “finish third in a three-horse race.
( how much )
because milk is uncountable noun :)
There are no choices, but I would say that your research would help you to make a claim/write your thesis