Democratization of voting or universal (white) male suffrage--during the 1820s many states removed the property ownership requirement for voting and specially allowing white men to vote exclusively.
These new suffrage policies made a clear distinction between males and females and between black and white. Industrial work became a valid place of work and gave workers a voice through voting but made clear gender and racial distinction in the US.

Tsar Alexander II initiated a series of importantreforms in Russia. During his reign, the country's rail and communication networks were improved, resulting in increased economic activity and the development of banking institutions.
His political philosophies form its foundation
John Locke was a very famous Enlightenment philosopher featuring a plethora of individualism in both his concepts and beliefs.
Hope this helps! :)
The Entente-UK, Canada, Australia, British Malaya, British Raj (India) ect
The central powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary ect