Neolithic Revolution is the correct answer because it helped the creation of the first civilizations. Those civilizations developed in the river valleys of the rivers that are mentioned here on this map.
Judaism is not correct answer as it was the religion that developed in smaller area than presented here.
The usage of primary sources has nothing to do with this map.
The Golden Age of Greece happened in the 5th Century BC and was influenced by changes in Greece, not in the whole area presented here.
The Congress of the United States has been located in all of the following cities, sometime in its history, except "Boston," since this was never close to where a capital was formed.