1. Douglas, in his argument, claimed that enslaved Americans were indeed human by stating that blacks are full rational humans who have an apparent level of humanity that is then subjected to brutality by white slaveholders.
2. Yes, the argument is valid because if blacks are not humans, they won't show human traits such as honesty, integrity, courage, self-awareness, and wholeheartedness.
Marbury v. Madison established judicial review, which helps current citizens seek assistance from the court system when they believe a law has violated their rights.
