Answer:
Reproduction is the ability of living organisms to give rise to new individuals of the same species.
Respiratory system includes all the structures and organs of living organisms associated with the process of taking oxygen into the body and giving out carbon dioxide and water vapour into the environment.
Aquaporins would be expected to increase in numbers when there is an insufficient amount of water present in the blood.
Aquaporins are a type of proteins which are present in the integral membrane of the cells. They act as channels and help in the transport of water and small solutes across the membrane.
Whenever there is insufficient amount of water present in the blood, the antidiuretic hormone or the ADH responds. The aquaporins increase in number in the blood. They allow the transcellular reabsorption of water. Due to this fact, more water is able to escape from the collecting tubules and enter the blood.
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Passive membrane processes are those that do not require energy and move substances down a concentration gradient; namely, these are diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis.
Answer:
Groups 4 to 7 are most likely to be undergoing the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.
Explanation:
Since the four proteins used p16, p18, p21, and p27 are inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), their absence indicates that the cell is undergoing mitosis - the cell cycle is regulated by CDKs. In the absence of these inhibitors, the cell cycle moves on forward. Because the bar for DNA replication is longer in the case for groups 4 to 7, it is indicative of the fact that these cells have gone through the mitotic phase.
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