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For this assignment you will complete an illustration(s) (by hand) of how the lac operon works. You should be sure to include de

Fantom [35]

<h2>Lac operon </h2>

Explanation:

Lac operon present in prokaryotic chromosomes whose product involves in transportation and catabolism of lactose

Lac operon consists of three structural genes called Lac Z,Lac Y and Lac A and a regulatory element(promoter and operator)
Lac I gene is present outside the Lac operon,act as regulatory gene and control the expression of Lac operon genes
Lac Z codes for β galactosidase which converts lactose into allolactose
Lac Y codes for Lac permease which act as a membrane transporter and transport lactose into the cells
Lac A codes for transacetylase which neutralize the toxic effects of lactose

Lac operon in absence of lactose

In absence of lactose Lac operon exists in switch off state
Lac I gene produces Lac repressor which binds to operator region and prevent binding of RNA Polymerase thus blocks transcription

Lac operon in presence of lactose

In presence of lactose Lac operon exists in switch on state
In presence of lactose few molecules of Lac operon enzyme catalyse conversion of lactose to allolactose
Allolactose act as an inducer,binds to the Lac repressor and induce conformational changes causing dissociation of Lac repressor from operator
In absence of Lac repressor RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter and starts transcription of genes which catabolize lactose

Lac promoter is a weak promoter and direct transcription of Lac operon genes in very low level in presence of lactose

For higher level expression of Lac operon genes,operon system require conversion of weak promoter to strong promoter which is always mediated by catabolite protein-cAMP complex(CAP-cAMP complex)
CAP cAMP complex binds to the upstream of promoter called CAP binding site and stimulate expression of Lac operon genes by facilitating binding of RNA Polymerase
Catabolite activator protein(CAP) or cAMP receptor protein(CRP) activate when cAMP binds
cAMP is a secondary messenger synthesized from ATP and act as co-activator of CRP
With respect to CAP cAMP complex Lac operon system is positively controlled
In prokaryotic cell cAMP is very low when glucose concentration is relatively high and vice versa
At high concentration of glucose the growth rate is maximum and lactose catabolism is repressed called catabolite repression

6 0

3 years ago

What are the phenotypes of the F1 generation snapdragons?

AVprozaik [17]

The phenotypes of snapdragons of F1 generation had pink flowers only.

Explanation:

The crossing of snapdragon with red flowers and white flowers as well led to the production of F1 offspring of hybrid quality having pink flowers only. This F1 phenotype under goes pollination and results in F2 phenotype with a ratio of 1 red, 1 white and 2 pink flower.

This is incomplete dominance as the phenotypes of parental plant, as in the white and red flowered plant reappear in the F2 generation.

4 0

3 years ago

5. What are some other traits humans have that allow us to survive in our environment?

Liula [17]

Answer:

Our 5 senses

Explanation:

sight

hearing

smell

taste

touch

5 0

4 years ago

Arrange the stages of a chickens life cycle from first to last

olganol [36]

Embryo, egg, hatching, chick, adult chicken.

hope this helps!

3 0

4 years ago

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9. What is the economic importance of beekeeping both in terms of pollinating, crops, and obtaining products from the hive? 10.

allsm [11]

Answer:

9. Bees play a very important role in relation to agricultural production. Indeed beekeeping is a vital part of our agricultural system. Apart from crop plants which are highly dependant on bees, the presence of honey bees also improves the quality and quantity of crops in general.

10. Use insect repellent. Permethrin-impregnated clothing and insect repellent have not been proved to be particularly effective against tsetse flies, but they will prevent other insect bites that can cause illness. The World Health Organization has targeted West African trypanosomiasis for elimination as a public health problem by 2020.

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago