The most powerful person in ancient Egypt was the pharaoh. The pharaoh was the political and religious leader of the Egyptian people, holding the titles: 'Lord of the Two Lands' and 'High Priest of Every Temple'. As 'Lord of the Two Lands' the pharaoh was the ruler of Upper and Lower Egypt.
Number 1, The Treaty of Versailles, due to the fact it severely limited the German military, and made Germany pay large war reparations which destroyed the German economy.