<span>Because they started to accuse people who were not obviously Communists.</span>
A grant is vaguely similar to a gift- it's a donation given with a specific purpose, for example a waver of study fees. So generally, people don't need to pay their grants back - the correct answer is a.
However, he will have to pay back the full amount of the loan.
The Russian Revolution forced the Russians to withdraw from World War 1. This allowed the German's to focus on fighting the other members of the entente to the west of them.
It is C. The competition between European powers to build the largest army and navy