Answer:
A. nominal interest rate is equal to the expected inflation rate plus the equilibrium real interest rate.
Explanation:
Inflation can be defined as the persistent general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy at a specific period of time.
Generally, inflation usually causes the value of money to fall and as a result, it imposes more cost on an economy.
When this persistent rise in the price of goods and services in an economy becomes rapid, excessive, unbearable and out of control over a period of time, it is generally referred to as hyperinflation.
The Fisher effect states that the nominal interest rate is equal to the expected inflation rate plus the equilibrium real interest rate.
Thus, the real interest rate in a particular country's economy equals the nominal interest rate minus the expected inflation rate.
All things being equal (Ceteris paribus), the expected inflation rate of a country's economy would eventually cause an equal rise in the interest rate that the deposits of the country's currency can offer. Also, as inflation increases, the real interest rate falls or decreases.
