An atrocity that the Germans were accused of was the civilian massacres that occurred in Belgium and Northern France in the year 1914. From August 4th to the 8th almost 850 people had been killed. Most of the people killed were military-aged young men but, there were also many women, children, and elderly that were killed in the massacre.
Each branch of government controls a certain aspect of the other.
Legislative can restrict the policies of the executive and judicial.
Judicial can strike down legislation deemed unconstitutional, and undo executive decisions through rulings on their constitutionality.
Executive Orders can bypass legislative channels for more efficient decision making, and can nominate if not alter the Supreme Court along with taking part in it's processes. ( Some of this is my own interpretation. )
Malign might be a good synonym for take away in social studies
Both men were nationalist leaders who supported Pan-Africanism.