Answer:
The Richter scale is a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations. The more destructive earthquakes typically have magnitudes between about 5.5 and 8.9; the scale is logarithmic and a difference of one represents an approximate thirtyfold difference in magnitude.
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Answer:
-mutations
-exchanges of genetic material between mature, adult organisms
-the introduction of viral genes through lysogenic infections
-genes being passed from parents to offspring
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