A citizen becomes involved in policy making by participating in elections. This is because policies will mostly be determined by the elected officials hence the need to ensure that one votes for representatives sharing similar views. This can also be achieved through participation in council meetings
One of the most significant contributing factors was their location on the Mediterranean, which made trade far easier, while one of the factors contributing to the fall was their loss of the Peloponnesian War.
Common Sense by Thomas Paine was the pamphlet which denounced British rule and fanned the flames of the Revolution. It was written in 1775/1776 and inspired the inhabitants of the Thirteen Colonies to push for independence from the British during the summer of 1776.
Every dynasty was like a trial and error period on how to succeed. By the Qing empire, everyone was sick of dynasties so they became a republic and eventually a communist autocracy.