Alea iacta est ("The die is cast") is a variation of a Latin phrase (iacta alea est) attributed by Suetonius to Julius Caesar who pronounced it in the year 49 B.C. when he was leading his army across the Rubicon river in the current territories of Northern Italy. Subsequently, he entered in Italy heading his army and defying the Roman Senate and it meant the beginning of the civil war versus Pompey and the Optimates.
- Plutarch, referred to the same event in his written testimonies and reported the phrase but stating it was pronounced in Greek instead of Latin and that its translation meant: <em>'Let the die be cast'.</em>
- Suetonius described the same situation, reporting a very similar phrase but not exactly the same. Let's include the exact excerpt of his writings where he did so.
<em>Caesar: '... iacta alea est,' inquit.</em>
<em>Caesar said, "The die has been cast."</em>
Thefore there are two very similar versions of the same historical events. Usually the Latin version is the most widely known, as the Latin language was more widespread all over Europe and gave rise to all the current family of Latin languages (Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, etc).
Books became more available to many people throughout Europe.
To establish their rule in africa imperialists needed superior fighting tools such as guns and ammunitions.
They however blended it with diplomacy and appeasement of local rulers to get protectionist treaties that would ratify their scamble and partition as outlined in the Berlin conference of 1881.
The primary function of the senate was considered by the Founding Fathers as the popularly elected House of Representatives' check. Therefore, every state, regardless of the population or size, shall be equally represented. The Senate will share with the responsibility of the House of Representatives for all the lawmaking within U.S.
A political cartoon shows a smiling elephant running down an alley toward an overturned garbage can. <span>The trash is spilled on the ground. The garbage can is labeled McCarthyism.
</span><span>The statement which summarizes the idea in this cartoon is:
</span>
The Republicans were using the McCarthy hearings for political gain.
