The problems that beset Presidents Washington and Adams arose more from the wars spawned by the French Revolution. War erupted in 1792 when France attempted to export its revolutionary ideas and when several European monarchical nations allied against the French, hoping to eradicate the threat posed by the republican revolutionaries. The great danger for the United States began in the spring of 1793 when Great Britain, the principal source of American trade, joined the coalition against France. Although the Washington administration proclaimed American neutrality, a crisis developed when London sought to prevent U.S. trade with France. Numerous depredations occurred on the high seas, as ships of the Royal Navy seized American ships and cargoes and sought to impress American sailors who had allegedly deserted the British navy. Cries for war with Britain were widespread by 1794. Believing that war would be disastrous, President Washington sent John Jay to London to seek a diplomatic solution. The result was Jay's Treaty, signed in 1794. The treaty improved U.S.-British relations. France, interpreting the treaty as a newly formed alliance between the United States and an old enemy, retaliated by ordering the seizure of American ships carrying British goods. This plunged Adams into a foreign crisis that lasted for the duration of his administration. At first, Adams tried diplomacy by sending three commissioners to Paris to negotiate a settlement. However, Prime Minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand of France insulted the American diplomats by first refusing to officially receive them. He then demanded a $250,000 personal bribe and a $10 million loan for his financially strapped country before he would begin peace negotiations. This episode, known as the XYZ affair, sparked a white-hot reaction within the United States.
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Between the 7th and 14th centuries, the trading of gold helped promote progress in Southern Africa. Learn about Southern Africa, Great Zimbabwe, and the gold trade by recognizing Southern Africa's identity as a region and exploring the Kingdom of Zimbabwe's origins and eventual prosperity in Great Zimbabwe. Updated: 11/03/2021
Africa Has a South
Guess what? Africa has a south. And it's more than just the nation of South Africa.
In history and archeology, we tend to spend a lot of time talking about the northern parts of Africa. I mean, in some ways it makes sense. There's some cool stuff up there - Egypt, for example. And while Northern Africa had some incredible civilizations, it wasn't like societies stopped developing south of the Sahara Desert. In Southern Africa, an entirely different set of societies thrived. They looked different than large northern cities, like Egypt or Kush or Axum, and had their own ways of life. Some of the greatest southern cultures were centered on the people of Zimbabwe.
Thomas Paine, a recent English emigrant to America, provided the Patriot cause with a stimulating pamphlet titled Common Sense. Until his fifty-page pamphlet appeared, colonial grievances had been mainly directed at the British Parliament; few colonists considered independence an option. Paine, however, directly attacked allegiance to the monarchy, which had remained the last frayed connection to Britain. The “common sense” of the matter, he stressed, was that King George III bore the responsibility for the rebellion. Americans, Paine urged, should consult their own interests, abandon George III, and assert their independence. Only by declaring independence, Paine predicted, could the colonists enlist the support of France and Spain and thereby engender a holy war of monarchy against the monarchy.
Popular sovereignty is the concept that is best stated by the declaration of independence. <span>That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed (Declaration of Independence preamble) in other words that governments are meant to protect its citizens. </span>
The British colony<span> of Pennsylvania was </span>formed<span> by William Penn in 1681 as a </span>haven<span> for persecuted </span>Quakers<span>.
Brainiest would be nice.</span>
