Genetic diversity is therefore required so that in changing environmental or stress conditions, some of the progeny can survive. Self-pollination leads to the production of plants with less genetic diversity, since genetic material from the same plant is used to form gametes, and eventually, the zygote. In contrast, cross-pollination—or out-crossing—leads to greater genetic diversity because the microgametophyte and megagametophyte are derived from different plants.
Because cross-pollination allows for more genetic diversity, plants have developed many ways to avoid self-pollination. In some species, the pollen and the ovary mature at different times. These flowers make self-pollination nearly impossible. By the time pollen matures and has been shed, the stigma of this flower is mature and can only be pollinated by pollen from another flower. Some flowers have developed physical features that prevent self-pollination. Insects easily cross-pollinate while seeking the nectar at the bottom of the pollen tube. This phenomenon is also known as heterostyly. Many plants, such as cucumber, have male and female flowers located on different parts of the plant, thus making self-pollination difficult. In yet other species, the male and female flowers are borne on different plants (dioecious). All of these are barriers to self-pollination; therefore, the plants depend on pollinators to transfer pollen. The majority of pollinators are biotic agents such as insects (like bees, flies, and butterflies), bats, birds, and other animals. Other plant species are pollinated by abiotic agents, such as wind and water.
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A population is a group of individuals of the same species that has the potential to interbreed.
- A population is described as a collection of people who belong to the same species and cohabit a particular area.
- A population is a subgroup of individuals belonging to a single species that coexists sexually and occupies a specific geographic area.
- For certain species, it is simple to determine the geographic limits of a population; for other species, it might be more challenging.
- For instance, the geographic range of plants or animals living on islands is determined by the island's border.
- On the other hand, other species are spread over very large areas, making it more challenging to define the borders of small populations.
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Answer:
Plants obtain glucose in the process of photosynthesis while animals obtain glucose by eating other organisms.
Explanation:
Plants obtain glucose in the process of photosynthesis while animals obtain glucose by eating other organisms. In plants, carbondioxide is used as a raw material in the process of photosynthesis but also small amount of carbondioxide gas is released during respiration from stomata present on leaves while animals has lungs which helps in the removal of carbondioxide gas from the body during breathing.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite to each other. respiration is energy releasing process while photosynthesis is a process in which food is produced.
Answer:
The cycle of energy is based on the flow of energy through different trophic levels in an ecosystem. ... At the first trophic level, primary producers use solar energy to produce organic material through photosynthesis. The herbivores at the second trophic level, use the plants as food which gives them energy.
Explanation: