When politicians commit to making a large future expenditure without simultaneously committing to collect enough taxes to pay for it, this is an example of an <u>"unfunded liability".</u>
A liability is a future obligation or execution commitment that one gathering owes to another at some future date in time. It is regularly settled through an installment or execution of an administration.
An Unfunded Liability is utilized to portray any risk that does not have funds put aside for it. It tends to be computed by deciding the distinction, anytime, by which future installment commitments surpass the normal future stream of financing.
Answer:
10.87%
; 17.95%
Explanation:
Expected return:
= (probability of recession × return during recession) + (probability of normal × return during normal) + (probability of boom × return during boom
)
Expected return for stock A:
= (0.16 × 0.07) + (0.57 × 0.10) + (0.27 × 0.15)
= 0.1087
= 10.87%
Expected return for stock B:
= (0.16 × -0.11) + (0.57 × 0.18) + (0.27 × 0.35)
= 0.1795
= 17.95%
If the long-run average total cost curve for a firm is horizontal in a relevant range of production, then it indicates that there (B) are constant returns to scale.
<h3>
What is the long-run average total cost curve?</h3>
- The long-run average cost (LRAC) curve depicts the firm's lowest cost per unit at each output level, assuming that all production parameters are changeable.
- The LRAC curve presupposes that the firm has determined the best factor mix for creating any amount of production, as discussed in the previous section.
- To derive the long-run total cost function, we take the expansion path's total cost and quantity pairs.
- "When all factors of production are variable, the long-run total cost function displays the lowest total cost of generating each amount."
- If a firm's long-run average total cost curve is horizontal in a relevant production range, it shows that there are consistent returns to scale.
As the description states, if a firm's long-run average total cost curve is horizontal in a relevant production range, it shows that there are consistent returns to scale.
Therefore, if the long-run average total cost curve for a firm is horizontal in a relevant range of production, then it indicates that there (B) are constant returns to scale.
Know more about the long-run average total cost curve here:
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Complete question:
If the long-run average total cost curve for a firm is horizontal in a relevant range of production, then it indicates that there
A. isn't a minimum efficiency scale.
B. are constant returns to scale.
C. are diseconomies of scale.
D. are economies of scale.
Answer:
B) Supplier cost differentiation
Explanation:
As per the Porter model of generic strategies, there are three strategies which are as follows
1. Cost leadership strategy: It deals with less cost to reach broad market
2. Differentiation strategy: It deals with offering different products to reach broad market
3. Focus strategy: In terms of cost leadership and differentitaion, it focused with less cost and offered unique products at narrow market segment
Therefore the option B is not included
<span>If some activity creates positive externalities as well as private benefits, then economic theory suggests that the activity ought to be: </span>subsidized
