Answer:
because the atmosphere shields us from radiation from the sun. also, when you put on sunscreen, the risk for skin cancer decreases.
Answer:
I personally believe its because of the darkness these places tend to have. A person is not necessarily scared of the dark they're scared of whats in the dark. It could be anything really.
Hope it helps. :)
Edit Wharton is the author of April Showers and he believed that Naturalism is a subset of Realism. A place or school believes that science can explain and show that human condition and their interest. He also strongly believed that nature is stronger than any human being.