1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
nexus9112 [7]
3 years ago
5

What is the primary mechanism associated with the role of fluoride in prevention of dental caries?​ a. ​Fluoride increases calci

um absorption, which increases crystal formation of teeth b. ​Fluoride increases salivation which aids in the removal of bacteria and the foods needed to sustain bacterial growth c. ​Decay is reduced due to the inhibitory effects of fluoride on growth of bacteria on the teeth d. ​Fluoride becomes incorporated into the crystalline structure of teeth, making them less susceptible to decay e. ​Decay is inhibited due to neutralization of organic acids produced by bacteria on the teeth
Biology
1 answer:
MAXImum [283]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

d. ​Fluoride becomes incorporated into the crystalline structure of teeth, making them less susceptible to decay

Explanation:

Dental caries results when cariogenic (caries-causing) bacteria metabolize carbohydrates or sugars present in the mouth for their energy needs, producing organic acids as byproducts, thus lowering the pH of the plaque biofilm.

The hydroxyapatite of tooth enamel is composed mainly of phosphate ions (PO₄³⁻) and calcium ions (Ca⁺). Under normal conditions, there is a stable equilibrium between the calcium and phosphate ions in saliva and the crystalline hydroxyapatite. At low pH (acidic conditions), there is a shift in equilibrium resulting in the dissolution of hydroxyapatite from tooth enamel, a process known as demineralization. A reverse process called remineralization (the process of incorporation of minerals in tooth enamel) occurs when the saliva, acting as a buffer elevates pH. When equilibrium is shifted to favor continued demineralization, dental caries results.

However, when fluoride is present in saliva, fluorapatite, rather than hydroxyapatite, forms during the remineralization process as fluoride ions replace hydroxyl groups in the formation of the apatite crystal lattice.

Fluorapatite is less soluble than hydroxyapatite making it more resistant to demineralization, even under conditions of low pH. Thus, fluoride acts as an effective anticaries agent.

You might be interested in
The Punnett square shows the possible genotype combinations of two parents who are heterozygous for a particular trait.
ANTONII [103]

Answer:

25%

Explanation:

The child only comes out as homozygous dominant (YY) for the trait in 1/4 boxes in the Punnett Square. This translates to the child having a 25% chance of being homozygous dominant for the trait.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Investigate what newborn babies, skunk cabbage, hibernating bears, and a banned diet drug called dnp all have in common with reg
Sergio [31]
They all have instruments to "uncouple" oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport framework by giving an option system to protons to come back to the mitochondrial grid. As protons enter the lattice without going through ATP synthase, their vitality is discharged as warmth. So these produce warm by uncoupling those two procedures.
6 0
3 years ago
Epiphytes that live on trees in a tropical rain forest show this type of symbiosis?
vovangra [49]
Epiphytes show commensalism.
8 0
3 years ago
What does a plant need to create a glucose molecule in photosynthesis?
DerKrebs [107]

Answer: 1 glucose

Explanation: Basically, in photosynthesis, energy from light is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. For 6 carbon dioxide and 6 water molecules, 1 glucose molecule and 6 oxygen molecules are produced. So your answer is 1 glucose. BTW, I got my answer from Google and from the website called thoughtco    Go check it out!

4 0
3 years ago
How would the lack of water affect cellular respiration?
Serggg [28]
Lack of water would have an impact on the level of glucose produced hence decreasing the energy level that will finally be produced.
4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Which best explains why angiosperms are the most diverse and successful plant group today?
    13·2 answers
  • Which statement is an example of mutualism? Bees sting other organisms when they sense danger. Bees pollinate flowers while obta
    11·2 answers
  • Nutrients form digested food move from the digestive system directly into the
    5·1 answer
  • Barnacles are organisms that live in aquatic environments and live stationary lives attached to hard surfaces. Their feathery ap
    15·1 answer
  • In one to three sentences, describe what happens during the reduction stage of the Calvin cycle.
    13·2 answers
  • Plants us carbon dioxide for what
    7·1 answer
  • What are three characteristics of scientific ideas?
    10·1 answer
  • ____ are the small sacs that are the site of gas exchange in the lungs
    5·1 answer
  • Can someone please compare and contrast the different types of distribution for populations of animals?
    7·1 answer
  • Complex interactions must occur before solar energy is converted into a form of energy humans need to work and perform many life
    10·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!