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Anika [276]
3 years ago
10

Question 2 of 10

Biology
1 answer:
dsp733 years ago
6 0
C carbon dioxide (co2)
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What does the immune system protect the body against?
Rudik [331]
The immune system protects your child's body from outside invaders, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins (chemicals produced by microbes). It is made up of different organs, cells, and proteins that work together.

Anatomy of the immune system

There are two main parts of the immune system:

The innate immune system, which you are born with.

The adaptive immune system, which you develop when your body is exposed to microbes or chemicals released by microbes.

These two immune systems work together.

The innate immune system

This is your child's rapid response system. It patrols your child’s body and is the first to respond when it finds an invader. The innate immune system is inherited and is active from the moment your child is born. When this system recognizes an invader, it goes into action immediately. The cells of this immune system surround and engulf the invader. The invader is killed inside the immune system cells. These cells are called phagocytes.

The acquired immune system

The acquired immune system, with help from the innate system, produces cells (antibodies) to protect your body from a specific invader. These antibodies are developed by cells called B lymphocytes after the body has been exposed to the invader. The antibodies stay in your child's body. It can take several days for antibodies to develop. But after the first exposure, the immune system will recognize the invader and defend against it. The acquired immune system changes throughout your child's life. Immunizations train your child's immune system to make antibodies to protect him or her from harmful diseases.

The cells of both parts of the immune system are made in various organs of the body, including:

Adenoids. Two glands located at the back of the nasal passage.

Bone marrow. The soft, spongy tissue found in bone cavities.

Lymph nodes. Small organs shaped like beans, which are located throughout the body and connect via the lymphatic vessels.

Lymphatic vessels. A network of channels throughout the body that carries lymphocytes to the lymphoid organs and bloodstream.

Peyer's patches. Lymphoid tissue in the small intestine.

Spleen. A fist-sized organ located in the abdominal cavity.

Thymus. Two lobes that join in front of the trachea behind the breastbone.

Tonsils. Two oval masses in the back of the throat.

How do antibiotics help fight infections?

Antibiotics can be used to help your child's immune system fight infections by bacteria. However, antibiotics don’t work for infections caused by viruses. Antibiotics were developed to kill or disable specific bacteria. That means that an antibiotic that works for a skin infection may not work to cure diarrhea caused by bacteria. Using antibiotics for viral infections or using the wrong antibiotic to treat a bacterial infection can help bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic so it won't work as well in the future. It is important that antibiotics are taken as prescribed and for the right amount of time. If antibiotics are stopped early, the bacteria may develop a resistance to the antibiotics and the infection may come back again.

Note: Most colds and acute bronchitis infections will not respond to antibiotics. You can help decrease the spread of more aggressive bacteria by not asking your child’s healthcare provider for antibiotics in these
4 0
2 years ago
How can i create a dam that still allows fish to swim through and not lose their habitats?
Drupady [299]

Answer:

A dam that could allow fish to still pass through is a fishway/fish pass its a "fish ladder" that is structured on or around artificial or natural barriers to allow for fishes natural migration and the movement for potamodromous species.

6 0
1 year ago
Why is reabsorption important
harina [27]
<span>The purpose of the kidneys is to filter waste from the blood, and other things like water, glucose, amino acids, some minerals/vitamins, and other small molecules can also get filtered out. Reabsorbtion of water in the kidneys allows the body to maintain a fluid balance (drink a lot and you pee more cause you have an excess of water). As for the other aforementioned things, they're often needed for metabolic processes (such as certain enzyme functions) so loosing it to waste decreases efficiency and efficacy of other bodily processes. </span>
5 0
3 years ago
You are examining a field of crop plants and notice that many of the leaves have small scattered necrotic spots on them, but non
Thepotemich [5.8K]

Answer:

Avirulent.

Explanation:

VIRULENCE is the ability of a pathogenic organism  to infects the host, leading to damages  or death of the host. The extent of these virulent effect depends on  certain chemical substances ( called Virulence factors) produced during the  pathogenic processes.

The virulence effects  is achieved  due to the ability of the virulent factor to disrupt the entire physiological mechanisms of  the organisms; e,g crop plants; though  suppression of the host immune response, disruptions of the immune mechanisms, colonization of the host DNA structure etc. Therefore the pathogenic effects suppressed the host resistance and spread throughout the host body system.

In this present scenario, the pathogenic effect of the likable bacteria; is not virulent, because

none of the d crop pant is completely diseased.

the nascent intenodes and leaves  are growing to usual size.

Consequently, the physiological and the morphological features of the crop plants are still intact. Thus the infection is AVIRULENT.

8 0
3 years ago
What chemical ion is responsible for initiating the contraction of a muscle fiber?
Semenov [28]
Calcium ion is responsible for Muscle Contractions.
4 0
3 years ago
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