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3 years ago

In organisms other than plants, when and where is the most ATP produced?

Biology

2 answers:

Veseljchak [2.6K]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

D. In mitochondria, during cellular respiration.

Explanation:

A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature. A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.

All living organisms such as plants and animals require energy to function properly (life activities). Thus, the organelle where energy from nutrients is released is generally referred to as mitochondria. Animals retrieve energy using mitochondria to do cellular respiration because they typically act like a digestive system by taking in nutrients, breaking them down and obtaining energy rich molecules for cell-life activities.

Cellular respiration can be defined as a series of metabolic reactions that typically occur in cells so as to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During cellular respiration, high energy intermediates are created that can then be oxidized to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Therefore, the intermediary products are produced at the glycolysis and citric acid cycle stage.

Basically, mitochondria is one of the cell organelles found in all living organisms and it is known as the powerhouse. Therefore, mitochondria provides all the energy required in the cell by transforming energy forms through series of chemical reactions; breaking down of glucose into Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) used for providing energy for cellular activities in the body of living organisms.

In organisms other than plants, the most ATP is produced in mitochondria, during cellular respiration.

tekilochka [14]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Explanation:

got it right on edge

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WHAT IS THE SEQUENCE OF A-T-G-G-C-A,

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3 years ago

The retinoblastoma protein, pRB, is a tumor-suppressor protein that controls the G1/S cell-cycle checkpoint. While pRB is presen

gladu [14]

Answer:

1. pRB phosphorylated: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase because pRB will be degraded.

2. pRB not phosphorylated: The cell will remain in G1 phase i.e. will not enter S phase because pRB will remain bound to E2F.

3. pRB bound to E2F: The cell will remain in G1 phase i.e. will not enter S phase.

4. pRB not bound to E2F: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

5. E2F bound to DNA: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

6. CDK4 bound to Cyclin D1: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

Explanation:

Retinoblastoma protein, pRB supresses tumor by regulating cell cycle progression in G1 phase. When a transcription factor known as E2F is bound to pRB the cell remains in G1 phase and did not proceed further to enter S phase. But as soon as pRB becomes phosphorylated, E2F becomes free and causes gene expression of cyclin E and and cyclin A which are required in progression of cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase.

<u>Signaling involved in cell cycle progression from G1 phase to S phase. </u>

When a cell is unstimulated, pRB is bound to E2F but G1 phase specific growth factors induce the expression of cyclin D through Ras-MAP kinase pathway.

Synthesis of cyclin D leads to the activation of CDK-4 which is a serine-threonine kinase. This kinase causes phosphorylation of pRB which results in the degradation of pRB.

Because of degradation of pRB, <u>E2F becomes free</u> and leads to the expression of cyclin E and and cyclin A which are S phase specific cyclins. This is how cell progresses from G1 phase to S phase.

E2F is a transcription factor which causes expression of S phase specific cyclins i.e. cyclin E and and cyclin A. So, E2F bound to DNA will result in cell cycle progression from G1 phase to S phase.

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3 years ago