Allele frequency is a measure of the relative frequency of an allele on a genetic locus in a population.
Usually it is expressed as a proportion or a percentage.
In population genetics, allele frequencies show the genetic diversity of a species population or equivalently the richness of its gene pool.
The frequencies of all the alleles of a given gene often are graphed together as an allele frequency distribution histogram.
Population genetics studies the different "forces" that might lead to changes in the distribution and frequencies of alleles - in other words, to evolution.
Besides selection, these forces include genetic drift, mutation and migration.
El huevo amniótico de reptiles y aves está rodeado por una cáscara externa resistente que protege al huevo de los depredadores, patógenos, daños y secado.
Answer:
Daphnia is an ideal system for studying multiple stressors because of its short generation time, well-studied ecology and evolutionary history, wide geographical distribution across many limnetic systems, high mutation and recombination rates, high sensitivity to changes in environmental conditions, unique cyclical
Explanation:
Answer: The simplest way is to determine if a strain is mutant is observing morphology, growth rate, double time, etc but it is accurate if you can prove if the strain is deficient in one aminoacid or can't metabolize lactose, etc.
Explanation: A wildtype strain functions normally, for example, can metabolize as a carbon source, glucose, lactose and other sugars, can synthesize all the aminoacids requered for protein synthesis, etc. If a strain suffers a mutation and it is inheritable, the strain become a mutant. Since several mutations can be silent ones, only those that interfere with a process, can be assesed easyly.
For example, if you have several strains and put them in a lactose medium, but some of them cannot growth means that are lactose mutants. Those strains could carry a mutation in genes that encode lactose degrading enzymes or in regulatory genes of the lac operon, etc.
If the organism has a cell wall it is a plant
