Ethics is something people learn every time and it differs differently on each person based on how they where raised. The focus on "administering justice" has a guide on how to properly do so. Officers and other judicial officials do not go into the job doing what they think is correct, they do what the books, laws, and policies say.
Federalism is the division of power between states and the federal government.
Federal law preempts state law. This is due to the National Supremacy Clause in Article 6 of the U.S. Constitution.
Each language is important since they enable people to communicate and express themselves. When one dies out, future generations won't be able to understand that culture as they lost one vital part: language. This is why so many cultures want to preserve their language, as it is a vulnerable aspect of cultural heritage. However, despite efforts, a language dies out every two weeks.