.1) Freedom of speech and expression- The most fundamental right that all citizens must have in a democratic state is the right to express oneself and one's opinions. This feeds into the responsibility of civic virtue and basic tenets of citizenship. An image that I would associate with this basic right is a megaphone. It generates sound and reverberates sound when someone speaks through it. This is similar to how democracy functions: When there is voice, everyone benefits in a democracy.
2) The right to a fair trial/ due process (procedural fairness)- I think another fundamental right that a democratic state must protect is the right of citizens to enjoy a legal process that is just and fair. Certainly, the responsibility this promotes is faith in the judicial system. If the legal system breaks down or suffers a lack of faith on the part of its citizens, a major blow to the system is felt and its legitimacy is questioned. The gavel is the image I would use to represent this right.
"Jerusalem was reached in June 1099 and the city was taken by assault from 7 June to 15 July 1099, during which its defenders were massacred. A counterattack was repulsed at the Battle of Ascalon."
