Had Jewish ancestors. This was different from historic anti Semitism because it defined Jewishness as hereditary (race) rather than by practice (religion). Three categories of Jews were created: "Full Jews," who either practiced Judaism or had at least 3 Jewish grandparents, regardless of religious practice; "First Class Mischlinge" (Half Jewish), who had 2 Jewish grandparents, didn't practice Judaism, and didn't have a Jewish spouse; and "Second Class Mischlinge" (One Quarter Jewish) who had one Jewish grandparent and did not practice Judaism
Osman was the leader of a Muslim empire ordered a new code of laws for his empire and oversaw construction of a stunning mosque in the capital at Istanbul. The correct option in regards to the given question is option "A". Osman was the founder of the Ottoman Empire.Sultan Mehmed II conquered Istanbul in 1453 and it laid the foundation of a great empire. Istanbul was then named as Constantinople. After Osman died the expansion of the Ottoman empire did not stop, it went on continuing with the expansion. Orhan was the son of Osman and he changed the capital of the Ottoman empire from Constantinople to Bursa after conquering it.
the first question is, Arabs and Jews both claimed the lands of Jerusalem
for the second its, Location of Religous and Ethnic groups
I believe the answer is: International cooperation
International cooperation refers to the foreign policy that make a country open to mutually beneficial relationship to address a certain issue with other countries. Example of such cooperation would be united Nation's program to address pollution level in the world.