a combination of specific etiologic factors is the answer.
The best answer here would be A. Make meetings with a support group a priority, and meet new people with shared interests.
She will need all the support she can get to stop her habit and stay off the drugs. She is under the care of her doctor so a support group with other people who are experiencing the same will help. Also meeting new people with shared interests will help her to know she isn't alone.
The alarm stage because the alarm stage is when the adrenaline kicks in and saves a lot of peoples lives
The umbilical cord will stop pulsating approximately 3-5 minutes after birth.