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Political factions or parties began to form during the struggle over ratification of the federal Constitution of 1787. Friction between them increased as attention shifted from the creation of a new federal government to the question of how powerful that federal government would be.
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The party system that developed in Sweden has been called the world's first party system, on the basis that previous party systems were not fully stable or institutionalized.
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Groznyi (“The Terrible”), or, more correctly translated from Old Russian, “The Strong/The Menacing,” was an epithet that in the 15-16 centuries, didn’t carry negative connotations. Grand Prince Ivan III of Moscow (1440-1505), the founder of the Moscow state and Ivan the Terrible’s grandfather
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Those are the top 3
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SUPERMARINE SPITFIRE, The Spitfire was the iconic aircraft of the Battle of Britain and became the symbol of British defiance in the air.
HAWKER HURRICANE
The Hurricane was the most numerous of RAF Fighter Command’s aircraft during the Battle of Britain, equipping 33 squadrons by September 1940
BOULTON PAUL DEFIANT
The Defiant was a two-seat fighter with a four-gun power-operated turret.
According to a Red Guard leader, the movement's aims were as follows:
Chairman Mao has defined our future as an armed revolutionary youth organization...So if Chairman Mao is our Red-Commander-in-Chief and we are his Red Guards, who can stop us? First we will make China Maoist from inside out and then we will help the working people of other countries make the world red...And then the whole universe.[2]
Despite being met with resistance early on, the Red Guards received personal support from Mao, and the movement rapidly grew. Mao made use of the group as propaganda and to accomplish goals such as destroying symbols of China's pre-communist past, including ancient artifacts and gravesites of notable Chinese figures. However, the government was very permissive of the Red Guards, who were even allowed to inflict bodily harm on people viewed as dissidents. The movement quickly grew out of control, frequently coming into conflict with authority and threatening public security until the government made efforts to rein the youths in. The Red Guard groups also suffered from in-fighting as factions developed among them. By the end of 1968, the group as a formal movement had dissolved.
Migration, trade, conquest, and pursuit of religious freedom.
