• Homologous structures: Both Ostriches have wings similar in form to those of their ancestors, but that do not allow the birds to fly.
Homologous structures are those that have structural similarities but are different in function. For example, if we look at the anatomical structure of a bird’s wing, it is very similar in structure with a human arm. However, over the course of time they have evolved to perform different functions.
• Vestigial structures: The inner ear bones of mammals have evolved from bones that form the jaws of reptiles.
Vestigiality refers to the process in which some structure lose their function over the course of evolution in some specie but they are functionally normal in other species. Such a structure is the inner ear bones of mammals which donot perform an important function in mammals but do perform in reptiles.
• DNA sequence data: Both Genes involved in RNA replication are conserved among bacteria and animals, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.
The sequencing of genetic data is an excellent method of finding the evolutionary histories and relatedness of different organisms. This field of sciences is called phylogenetics and the mentioned example is the result of phylogenetics.
• Analogous structures: The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates arose independently, indicating a different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures are those that have similar function but they look very different in structure or anatomy. This is because they have been evolved from different ancestors and perform different functions. One example of these structures is mentioned, The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates that look different bur perform same function.
Force required = F = ?
mass of the car = m = 1200 kg
initial velocity of the car = Vi = 10 m/sec
final velocity of the car = 0
time required to stop the car = t = 20 sec
Using Newton`s 2nd law of motion;
F = ma ………………………(1)
as a = Vf - Vi / t , put this value in equation (1)
F = m ( Vf - Vi /t ) ………………(2)
F = 1200 ( 0 - 10 /20) = - 600 N
here Negative sign shows that external force is acting in opposite direction of the motion to bring it to rest.
we can also calculate this force by using the relation
Rate of change of momentum = net force acting on the object …………(3)
m Vf - m Vi / t = net force acting on the object
m (Vf - Vi / t) = F
1200 ( 0 - 10 /20) = - 600 N = F
so, net force acting on the object =F = - 600 N
Answer: Innovations
Explanation:
Innovation is of fundamental importance for enhancing organizational performance and the survival of an organization. Organizations must constantly analyze their external environments and their competition for innovation that may reduce or eliminate a competitive advantage. Innovation enables organizations to remain relevant in the competitive market, it also plays an important role in economic growth. The ability to resolve critical problems within an organization, depends on new innovations.
Answer:
B.Wolves reintroduced --> elk decline --> willows increase --> beavers increase
Explanation:
Interrelatedness can be observed in the ecosystem of Yellowtone, in which species interaction is key to maintaining a balance in the ecosystem. Option B represents a correct example of interrelatedness.
Wolves prey on elk, thereby reducing the population of elk they browse on willows. The control of the population of elk would lead to the increase of willows as well as allow for their massive growth. These willows are very important to beavers. More willows would mean more beavers. Beavers gnaw on huge willows which they use in constructing dams to slow down water flow. Beavers do not really love rivers that flow fast, and so rely on willows to make dams.
