Answer:
The correct answer will be option- A
Explanation:
Spores are the reproductive unit produced as a result of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in both lower and higher plants.
The plant groups like Fungi, Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms produce these spores which provides adaptation as they can be dispersed for the long-distance as well as germinate and form an organism.
The spores are formed by the process of sporogenesis which forms four spores from a diploid structure their meiosis which reduces the genetic material to half and maintain the haploid ploidy number.
Thus, option-A is the correct answer.
Among the most frequently used species identification methods are: The evolutionary relationships between the unknown sequence and a set of known standard sequences are estimated using phylogenetic trees.
<h3>What is a phylogenetic tree?</h3>
Among the most commonly used species identification methods are: The evolutionary relationships between the unknown sequence and a set of known reference sequences are estimated using phylogenetic trees.
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that depicts the evolutionary relationships between organisms or groups of organisms.
Scientists consider phylogenetic trees to be evolutionary hypotheses because the proposed relationships cannot be confirmed in the past.
Thus, every individual of same species are related to each other, so scientists can analyze another specimen from the same species.
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A pedigree or a pedigree chart is used to track which organisms are carriers of a specific trait through several generations.
C.
Answer:
Makali may produce only small amounts of a non-mutated (wild-type) GALT enzyme.
Makali may have normal amounts of GALT, but the enzyme may be mutated.
Explanation:
Makali is lactose intolerant because of his ancestry. Because of this he is not able to digest any lactose which indirectly protected him from galactosemia. Thus he must avoid consuming galactose. He has a low GALT or galactose 1‑phosphate uridylyltransferase activity. He has a normal amount of GALT and may produce only small amounts.
