The answer is catastrophism.
Catastrophism is a theory explaining that the Earth has been affected by sudden catastrophes which created its geological features. Some of the proposed catastrophes is a global flood followed by an uplifting of some rock which happened sudden, in a short period of time. It is opposite theory to uniformitarianism which explains that the Earth was formed in slow changes.
“This transient switch in membrane potential is the action potential. The cycle of depolarization and repolarization is extremely rapid, taking only about 2 milliseconds (0.002 seconds) and thus allows neurons to fire action potentials in rapid bursts, a common feature in neuronal communication.”
The ability to analyze DNA via DNA sequencing and other molecular analysis techniques has made it easier to group molecules into categories that represent lines of phylogeny.
Phylogeny is based on similar physical and genetic characteristics between organisms. Before such techniques, scientists were able to discern and group organisms only on the basis of their morphology, or their physical shape or appearance.
Commentulism: one organism has benifit, other no affect.
Mutualism: both organisms have benifit.
