All these countries are part of the Commonwealth. The governments in each are all run on the same basis which is based on English system whereby the Prime Minister runs the affairs of the country instead of a President and with members of Parliament,
The answer is D. Both societies expected warriors to protect nobles. In Europe, Nobles (upperclassmen) have a strong group of knight that protect them. The King often call upon the knights who serve the nobles to defend the country. Knights serve under honor and loyalty to the nobles. This will eventually change to serve with pay. In Japan, the same thing happened. Japanese warriors will serve for honor, dignity, and loyalty.
The Italian peninsula's government was controlled by either Austria or the papacy. Ultimately, this arrangement had to change when Prussia defeated Austria in 1866, and the latter had to concede Venetia in the name of Italy's unification. so the answer is a
August of 1945, when US used atomic bombs on Japan.