a.........................................................................SORRY I DONT MEAN THAT
They were funny but also satirical and had social commentary on lives of both peasants and nobles.
An appeal to potential benefits, I think.
Jack thinks that he is some tough high and might being but really he is just being sensless and putting himself in danger. He is trying to look like a better leader than Ralph by seeming braver even though that has nothing to do with why Ralph doesn't think they should go, and smarter, even though he isn't.
The statement "the first clue that something had changed after Rip wakes up is that his dog wolf is licking his face" is False. In fact, when he woke up his dog, Wolf was nowhere to be found. Rip Van Winkle just noticed that his beard has grown foot long and his musket was rusty and rotting.
