The answer for the first line is Jacob the aswer for the second line is people
Federalism is a type of government in which a central, or “federal,” government, and one or more regional governments work together to form one political system. ... Examples of federalism can be seen in the countries of the United States, Canada, and India, to name a few.
The factor of freedom and opportunity is known as a pull factor.
i hope this helps.
push factors are things that make a person want to leave: like persecution.
The portion of the crop the landowner owed to the sharecropper