I am going to assume here you are referring to the 'Scramble of Africa' that happened in the second half of the 19th century, as the European power did not really control the African regions before then.
The methods contexts did differ per colonising power and colonised region, but it boils down to the following factors:
- superior firepower, equipment and recourses; having better guns, armour, communication technology, and supply routes, made the Europeans a formidable enemy that the various tribes simply could not counter.
- co-opting the local elites; a tried and tested method for centuries, this has always been the way smart conquerers could maintain control over a region with minimal fuss and expenditur.
<span>- divide and conquer; conflict between the many tribes of Africa has been a constant for centuries in the continent. The Europeans could easily manipulate the various tribes against each other to prevent a unified resistance from rising up. </span>
<span>- a willingness to use extreme forms of terror; the Europeans might have been all high and mighty back home about their Enlightment and democracy, but in Africa they were more than willing to use forms of terror that would make most contemporary dictators feel a little uneasy. Case in point, the widespread killing and mutilation when quotas were not met in king Leopold II's Congo.</span>
It was signed on May 19, 1828 during the presidency of John Quincy Adams. It was passed by Congress. It set a tariff (tax) on imported goods. The tariff was designed to protect the northern industry, causing the southern states to be hit dramatically, which is why it was considered a reason leading to the Civil War.
Answer:
The correct answer is France.
Explanation:
With the excuse of sending reinforcement troops to the French Army occupying Portugal, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1840) invaded Spain in <em>February 1808</em>. Only four months after the initial invasion, France forces had already taken Pamplona, Barcelona, and Madrid causing King Charles IV of Spain to give up his throne. Napoleon took advantage and his brother, Joseph, was proclaimed king of Spain. Until 1813, thanks to the intervention of British expeditionary <em>Arthur Wellesley</em> (later named Duke of Wellington) and small irregular Spanish bands called the <em>guerrillas</em>, the Iberian Peninsula was liberated.
As a result of the french invasion in the Iberian Peninsula, french philosophical movements such as en Enlightenment was spread over Spain, and later on, over its colonies.
After the French revolution, the French economy was in ruins.<span> The Directory </span><span>failed to restore stability took effective steps to control the money supply overpowered the revolutionaries </span>.<span> Napoleon took advantage of this situation by </span><span>executing the ruler of France terminating the French legislative councils appointing himself as the Emperor of France </span><span>in a coup.
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